It is a prolific scrub-type tree and is often one of the first species to regenerate on cleared land. It is typically a shrub growing to 2–5m (7–16 ft) tall, but can grow into a moderately sized tree, up to 15m (49 ft) or so in height. It is evergreen, with dense branching and small leaves 7–20mm long and 2–6mm broad, with a short spine tip. 

The flowers are white, occasionally pink, 8–15mm (rarely up to 25mm) in diameter, with five petals. 

This species is often confused with the closely related species kānuka – the easiest way to tell the difference between the two species in the field is to feel their foliage – mānuka leaves are prickly, while kānuka leaves are soft.The wood is tough and hard.